Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects children but can continue into adulthood. It is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. The symptoms for adults include:
- Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
- Frequent careless mistakes in work or other activities
- Difficulty organizing tasks and activities
- Often losing things necessary for tasks and activities
- Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
- Forgetfulness in daily activities
Symptoms of Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (ADHD):
- Fidgeting with or tapping hands or feet, or squirming in seat
- Leaving seat in situations when remaining seated is expected/ making excuses to walk around/ inability to sit still for long
- inability to let go of things/ always busy doing something
- Inability to engage in activities quietly
- Talking excessively
- Blurting out answers before questions have been completed/ finishing other people sentences.
- Difficulty waiting for one’s turn
- Interrupting or intruding on others
Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
Diagnosis of ADHD is typically based on a comprehensive evaluation that includes clinical assessments, parent and teacher reports, and behavioral observations. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), several symptoms must be present before the age of 12, and they must be observed in two or more settings (e.g., at home, school, or work) to ensure that they are not due to a specific environment or context
ADHD is often accompanied by co-morbid conditions such as anxiety which can further complicate the management of symptoms and overall well-being. At Medisonal we can provide high-quality ADHD care for you, starting with the ADHD assessment, the medication titration process, and any necessary follow–up appointments. Types of ADHD: There are three main types of ADHD:
- Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: In which most symptoms are inattention.
- Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: In which most symptoms are hyperactivity and impulsivity.
- Combined Presentation: Where symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity are equally present.
Causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
The exact cause of ADHD is not known, but a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors is believed to play a role. Risk factors include a family history of ADHD, exposure to environmental toxins (such as lead), premature birth, and low birth weight.
Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
ADHD is typically managed with a combination of behavioral therapies and medications. Behavioral therapies might include behavior modification, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and social skills training. Medications commonly used include stimulants like methylphenidate (Ritalin) and amphetamines (Adderall), and non-stimulant medications like atomoxetine (Strattera).
Book a consultation with Medisonal to get full online assessment and advice from one of our specialist medical consultants.
